Improvement in hand-looms



thtitetl (gisten JAMES E. NUTE, OF LINCOLN, MAINE.

Letters Patent No. 107,094, (lated September 6, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-LOOMS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same To all-whom it may concern Y Beit known that I, JAMES E. NUTE, of Lincoln,

inthe county of Penobscot and State oi1 Maine,

skilled in the art to which it appertains to practice This invention relates to new and uset'nl improvements in looms usedfor domestic purposes principally,

Vin which all the articles of domestic use usually woven upon looms are made, includingl cloths, blankets, shawls, bags, and other articles; 'and The improvements consist in the devieesand method by which the lathe is actuated; and, also, 'in improved devices for actuating the shuttle.

Figure l is a side elevation, and

VFigure 2 is a top or plan view.

Similar letters ofrefiu'ence indicate like parts in the several figures.

In the drawings- A A represent the front, and

A' A' the back posts ofthe frame, while B B are the upper, and

B' the lower horizontal bars connecting with the posts, as shown.

Suitable bars, extendingr lengthwise of the loom, alsoserve to unite the posts in that direction.

C C are the vertical bars ot' the lathe, which are pivoted atc to the bars B.

D is the shuttle-bed beam, and

E, the upper beam. Between these the reed is secured in the usual manner.

For actuating the lathe, the following device is emv ployed:

The short levers c c are, at their front ends, pivoted to the. lathe-bars C, as shown, while similar 1evers, b i), are, at their rear ends, pivoted to posts A.

Botlf the levers b and c are, at their intersecting ends, pivotcd upon .the short stud e, which is secured in the rods d, which latter are, at their lower ends, secured in the connectingbar F.

The coiled'lever-Springs f are secured, at their rear ends, to posts A', and connected, at their front ends, with rods d, as shown.

'lo operate the lathe by this device, the weaver uses one hand upon beam E and one t'oot upon bar F, depressing the same as the lathe is thrown forward, the levers c c and b b, as they assume a horizontal or extended position, yielding their greatest force at the point required, the springs f serving to elevate the rods d upon the retrograde movement ot' the lathe.

G is the yarnebeain, which is pivoted in the uprights H, which are pivoted at g, at the intersection of bars B' and posts A.

The yarn-beam is held in au extended position, as shown, by the rods h, which, at their inner ends, are held by removable pins inserted in posts A.

When the beam is closed iu, the arms h hang by the side,of the uprights H, andthe pins in posts A. serve to secure the beam in this position.

The yarn, passing from beam G over the roller o', passes through harnesses i i, thence through the reed, and over beam I, to the cloth-beam J, upon which it is gradually and automatically wound by the act-ion of the lathe through the following-named devices:

'lhe curved leverj is, at its forward end, pivoted to post A, the rear end being free to rise and fall.

lhe`knob 7.1,.secured in upright C, acting upon the inclined edge of lever 7' as the lathe vibrates, serves .to elevate the free cud of the lever, which, being duly weighted, as shown, bears constantly upon the knob,`

thereby imparting a rising and falling motion to pawl I, which is pivoted to leverj, as shown, and which engages with ratchet P,which is secured to the end ot' cloth-beam J, while the short pawls on, serve to hohl the beam J from retrogradiug wheny the pawl l is being raised. Thus, by graduat-i-i'ig the weight upon lever j, the desired tension upon the cloth is, consequent-ly, maiutained, aml it is steadily wound upon the cloth-beam..

Tile yielding oil' of the yarn from beam G is controlled by friction-bands in the usual manner.

'.lhe treadles [t are, at their forward ends, pivoted tothe lower front beam of the frame, in the'usual manner, as shown. i

The connecting-cords, descending from the haruesses to the treadles, pass through eyes 'v c, secured in the treadles, as shown, and thence forward to short studs, to which they are secured, as shown. By having a series of holes in the treadles for the insertion ot' these knobs, the tension ot the cords is readily adjusted. v

The treadles are actuated by the curved arms 11 p p11, which are secured upon shaft o, and which, successively, act upon the rear ends of the treadles, thereby depressing them, and actuating the harness in the usual manner.

A rotary movement is imparted to the shaft o by the action ofthe lathe, through the tbllowing'devices:

The connecting-rod n, at its frontend, is secured by a piu, as shown, to the stud 1)', which is rigidly attached to a. cross-bar passing from one to the other side of the lathe uprights C.

Ihe rear end ot' the counecting-r0d is pivoted to a shortstud formed upon the loose vsleeveV u, which revolves upon shaft o.

A pawl, fr, is also pivoted upon t-his stud, and engages with four catches, s, secured in shaft o, to coincide with arms p. lathe imparts a reciprocating movement to roda, which, acting upon sleeve u, serves, hy'the agency of pawl 1', to rotate shaft 0, and thereby, through the betere-described agencies, to.aetuate the treadles, as described.

The harnesses are suspended by short cords r lr to the sheaves w w. The cords pass twice around the sheaves, and, by their friction, insure a rotary motion of the sheaves to the extent of the movement imparted to the cords.

The sheaves w w are correspomlingly secured upon small iron shafts y y, as shown, these shafts being suspended in blackets, which, in turn, are attached to straps, which are attached to roller K. By thus securing the sheaves w upon shafts y, when either harness is sprung, cach end is equally raised or depressed, regardless of resistance, as the friction of cords r insures a rotary movement of the sheaves, and the sheaves, being thus connected, the harness moves uniformly throughout'its length.

`Wben weaving bags or cloth of double width, the

roller K is suspended on vibratory arms, af', at their forward end, thesearms heilig pivotcdat their center in studs b', inserted in the cross-beam connecting the upper ends-of posts A.

A weight, c', attached 'to the rear ends of arms a',

servesl to keep the harness and their connecting-cortjlsr 'taut, without rigidity, thereby enabling the weai'er to perform better work of those classes than when roller K is attached to the rigid brackets L.

'lo actuate the shuttle, I employ the followingr de-4 vices:

The picker-staves dare, at their lower ends, pivoted in theV rocking-bar c', which is secured .to the lower endsof lathe-posts G. The upper ends of the staves play freely in a slot iu the beam D, shown plainly in Iig. 2.

Rollers, g', are secured by brackets to the picker staves, at such point thereon as that, by their contact with the side incliues M, secured upon beams -B, the sta-ves are forced outward as ythe lathe swings forward.

When the staves are' thus forced outward to their full extent, they are secured in, that position by the latch h', which is pivoted beneath the lathe,'as shown, and which is formed with Ia shallow catch for retaining thel staff, as is plainly shown in lig. '.2.

A small spring, t', serves to engage the latch with the staff.

To release th'esta', upon the backward movement of the lathe, asmall rod, jf, is, at its rear end, connected with the inner end ot' catch h', while, at its front end, it is bent downward, formin g a hook, which', at the proper time, is brought iu contact with the small brackets k', secured upon incline M.

l is a rod pivote-d in the stud m', attached to the Thus, the vibratory motion ofthe v lathe-beam D. This rod is formed at the lower end with a loop, through which passes rod j', while its uppel-,endpasses through a small eye inserted in the shuttle-holder O.

A spring, n', attached to beam D, and .bearing against the upper end of rod l', tends both to hold the binderO against the shuttle and to throw forward the lower end of rod l', thereby raising the front end of rodj above bracket Then the shuttle N is removed, the holders O are, by the action of spring n', as described, forced in llush with the front side of beam D,.as shown, a stop,.s, secured in holders O, checking the action of spring n. But, when the shuttle is inserted, as when thrown in weaving, between holder t) and the back of the shuttlc-box, as shown in fig. 2, then the holders, whiclnat their outer ends, are pivoted to beam D, are swung forward, thereby allowing the lower end of rod l' to drop, so that the hooked end of rod j will catch against bracket It', thus releasing latch h from the pickerstaif, which, by the action of coiled spring f', connected at its respective ends with the stares, serves to throw the shuttle to the opposite end of the lathe,' wheu the operation is repeated... i

lt will be seen that, when the shuttle is removed of times withoutreleasing the staves, as the detaching device can only act when the holders 0 are swung forward of beam D, by the shuttle or other means; for, when the holders are thrown in to the extent-.allowed by stops s', the rodj' 'is raised above bracket k', as described.

' Bythis arrangen'lent the weaver, by stopping his shuttle short of the box, may beat up his filling with as many blows of the lathe asdesired, without the usual labor of actuating the shuttle-throwing device, an advantage which all weavers of thick cloth will fully understand,

Having thus described my invention,

1. The arrangement of levers b c, connecting-rods d, and bar F, relatively to each other and to the lathe, substantially as described4 and for operating the lathe, as shown. l A

2. In combination with the ibregoing. the springs f, or their equivalents, for the purposes specitied.

3. The mechanism for releasing the picking-sticks, consisting of the catches h', springs i', rod j', stop k', rod l', spring n', and shuttle-holder O, or their equivalents, whereby the lathe may be actuated, when the, shuttle is removedwithout actuating the pickingsticks, substantially as described and shown.

' JAMES E. NUTE.

Witnesses:

A. J. BODWELL, 11. J. (Donnas.

from the box, the lathe may be actuated any number' What l claim as new, and desire to secure by- Letl 

